48V Data Center Solutions

• 48V Solution
• First-Stage Solution
• Second-Stage Solution

Overview

Today’s datacenters use an average of 3kW to 5kW per rack to power server, storage, and networking racks. Most are designed to power basic CPUs to operate at high levels of efficiency. Hence, the traditional 12V power architecture has been widely accepted and implemented. 

As the demand for cloud computing, AI applications, and high-power processors and accelerators grows, datacenters are evolving to accommodate new high-power requirements. For example, an early AI market supercomputer required 3200W for the entire power system. The second generation’s power demand increased threefold, resulting in 10kW for the entire power system. Since the power lost in distributing high current increases by the square of the current (I²R), more copper must be used in the backplane or wiring harness to control the distribution losses. Ultimately, this limits the power delivery of the system.

In order to meet the industry’s new power requirements, MPS has developed a new power architecture, using a 48V distribution voltage that is capable of a 16x reduction in power distribution losses, in addition to presenting a 48V datacenter solution to address new design challenges. (see Figure 1)

Figure 1: Traditional 12V Power Distribution

MPS 48V Power Structure

48V Power Structure: MPS's New 48V to 4.8V System

48V Power Structure – MPS 4V to 6V System

Lateral vs. Z-Axis Power Delivery^TM

Today’s datacenters use a lateral power delivery system, in which the power voltage regulators are placed on the top side of the board around the processor. As the current demand of CPUs and GPUs increases, the distance between the voltage regulator and the point of load become a significant factor for PDN losses. In addition, increased PDN means that the system requires a large amount of output capacitance for the voltage regulators.

Z-Axis Power Delivery^TM is a method by which the voltage regulators are placed on the bottom side of the PCB below the processors. This results in a significant reduction (more than 10x) in PDN losses.

Lateral Power Delivery <1000A

Z-Axis Power Delivery^TM >1000A

MPS offers power module solutions with <4mm height to fit in the limited space on the bottom side of the PCB.

Contact MPS for more information on be Z-Axis Power Delivery^TM EVBs

First-Stage Solution: Power Modules

MPS offers multiple options for first-stage modules

10:1 IBC Modules Best for Z-Axis Power Delivery^TM

The 54V to 5.4V enables a higher frequency second stage due to lower switching losses, which allows the use of a smaller, shorter inductor. All of MPS’s IBC modules can be paralleled to reach >1kW power levels. An application note with additional details is in development.

MPC1100C-54 - High-Efficiency, Non-Isolated, Fixed-Ratio Digital DC/DC 300W Power Module

The MPC1100C-54 is an open-frame digital DC/DC power module with continuous power up to 300W. This module accepts up to a 60V input, and is configured in a 10:1 input-to-output ratio. It offers a digital controller with multiple-time programmability (MTP), which can be easily configured to quickly bring up the system and nimbly adapt to system requirements.

Features

• 10:1 Input-to-Output Ratio
• LLC Topology
• Compatible with Serial Interface
• Supports Parallel Operation
• Built-In MTP to Store Custom Configurations
  • Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO)
  • V_OUT Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) and Under-Voltage Protection (UVP)
  • OCP_TDC/SPIKE
  • Over-Temperature Protection (OTP)
• GUI Configuration Software Provided
• Great for High-Current and High-Power Applications
• Pin-to-Pin Compatible with the MPC1102-54

MPC1100C-54

Dimensions
27mmx18mmx6.1mm

MPC11057-54-0750 - High-Efficiency, Non-Isolated, Fixed-Ratio Digital DC/DC 750W Power Module

The MPC11057-54-0750 is an open-frame digital DC/DC power module with continuous power up to 750W. This module accepts up to a 60V input, and is configured in a 10:1 input-to-output ratio. It offers a digital controller with multiple-time programmability (MTP), which can be easily configured to quickly bring up the system and nimbly adapt to system requirements.

Features

• 10:1 Input-to-Output Ratio
• Power Density: 1840W/in³
• LLC Topology
• Compatible with Serial Interface
• Built-In MTP to Store Custom Configurations
  • V_IN Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO)
  • V_OUT Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) and Under-Voltage Protection (UVP)
  • OCP_TDC/SPIKE
  • Over-Temperature Protection (OTP)
• GUI Configuration Software Provided
• Great for High-Current and High-Power Applications

MPC11057-54-0750-xxxx

Dimensions
53mmx18mmx7mm

MPC12106-54-0750 - High-Efficiency, Non-Isolated, Fixed-Ratio Digital DC/DC 800W Power Module

The MPC12106-54-0750 is an open-frame digital DC/DC power module with continuous power, up to 800W. This module accepts up to a 60V input, and is configured in a 4:1 input-to-output ratio. It offers a digital controller with multiple-time programmability (MTP), which can be easily configured to quickly bring up the system and nimbly adapt to system requirements.

Features

• 4:1 Input-to-Output Ratio
• Power Density: 3310W/in³
• LLC Topology
• Compatible with Serial Interface
• Built-In MTP to Store Custom Configurations
  • V_IN Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO)
  • V_OUT Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) and Under-Voltage Protection (UVP)
  • OCP_TDC/SPIKE
  • Over-Temperature Protection (OTP)
• GUI Configuration Software Provided
• Great for High-Current and High-Power Applications

MPC12106-54-0750

Dimensions
24mmx18mmx8.6mm

Second-Stage Solution: Digital Multi-Phase Controller + Intelli-Phase^TM or Intelli-Module

MPS has a robust product portfolio of digital multi-phase controllers and Intelli-PhaseTM and Intelli-Module solutions. For more information, learn more

Second-Stage Digital Multi-Phase Controller + Intelli-PhaseTM or Intelli-Module Block Diagram

• Digital Multi-Phase Controller Features:
  • Patented Constant-On-Time (COT) Control
  • Multiple Loops, Flexible Phase Assignment
  • Interface Options: SVID, SVI2/3, OVR, or Serial Interface
  • Fault Handling and Telemetry Capabilities

• Intelli-Phase^TM Features:
  • Family of Devices Ranges from 10A to 90A
  • Wide f_sw Range: Balance between Transient and Efficiency
  • Built-In ZCD, OCP, NOCP, OTP, and SCP
  • Minimal External Components

• Intelli-Module Features:
  • High Power Density in Space-Constrained Applications
  • Flexible Output Assignment
  • Support Parallel Operation for Higher Power Delivery
  • Optimized for Top-Side Cooling

Power Structure	Type of Product	Part Number	Part Description
12V & MPS's new 4V to 6V architecture	Digital multi-phase controller	MP2888A MP2882 (contact MPS for samples) MP2972 (contact MPS for samples)	Single-loop, 10-phase multi-phase controller Dual-loop, 16-phase digiatal multi-phase controller Dual-loop, 12-phase digital multi-phase controller
12V architecture	DrMOS Intelli-Module	MP87006 MP87000 MPC22163 MPC22164	16V, 90A Intelli-PhaseTM in 4mmx6mm package 16V, 90A Intelli-PhaseTM in 5mmx6mm package 16V, 130A Intelli-Module in 9mmx10mmx8mm footprint 16V, 130A Intelli-Module in 9mmx10mmx10mm footprint
MPS's new 4V to 6V architecture	DrMOS	MP86972 MP86976 (contact MPS for samples)	12V, 60A Intelli-PhaseTM in 3mmx6mm package 7V, 70A Intelli-PhaseTM in 3mmx6mm package

Power Structure	12V legacy & MPS's new 4V to 6V architecture
Type of Product	Part Description
Digital multi-phase controller	MP2888A Single-loop, 10-phase multi-phase controller MP2882 (contact MPS for samples) Dual-loop, 16-phase digital multi-phase controller MP2972 (contact MPS for samples) Dual-loop, 12-phase digital multi-phase controller
Power Structure	12V legacy architecture
Type of Product	Part Description
DrMOS Intelli-Module	MP87006 16V, 90A Intelli-PhaseTM in 4mmx6mm package MP87000 16V, 90A Intelli-PhaseTM in 5mmx6mm package MPC22163 (contact MPS for samples) 16V, 130A Intelli-Module in 9mmx10mmx8mm footprint MPC22164 (contact MPS for samples) 16V, 130A Intelli-Module in 9mmx10mmx4mm footprint
Power Structure	MPS's new 4V to 6V architecture
Type of Product	Part Description
DrMOS	MP86972 (contact MPS for samples) 12V, 60A Intelli-PhaseTM in 3mmx6mm package (contact for sample) MP86976 (contact MPS for samples) 7V, 70A Intelli-PhaseTM in 3mmx6mm package (contact for sample)

MPC22163-130 - Two-Phase Intelli-Module with Quiet Switcher^TM Technology

The MPC22163 is a non-isolated, step-down power module with 130A of continuous peak output current. This module integrates driver MOSFETs and an inductor in a compact package to save layout space and achieve a higher power density. It is scalable for many modules in parallel, up to 2kW+ of power. The 8mm maximum height makes it suitable for many applications, such as OAM form factor boards.

Features

• Top-Side Cooling Package
• Current Sense: Accu-Sense^TM
• Temperature Sense
• Current Limit Protection
• Supports Parallel Operation
• Over-Temperature Protecution (OTP)
• Fault Reporting
• Common Footprint LGA-72 (9mmx10mm) Package

MP22163-130

Dimensions
9mmx10mmx7.5mm

Part Number	VIN (V)	VOUT Range (V)	IOUT (A)	fsw (kHz)	Power Density (W/in3)	Peak Efficiency @ 12V (%)
MPC22163-130	4 to 16	0.5 to 2	130	600 to 1500	2475	88.40

Learn More

MPC22166-130 - Two-Phase Intelli-Module with Quiet Switcher^TM Technology

The MPC22166 is a non-isolated, step-down power module with 130A of continuous peak output current. This module integrates driver MOSFETs and an inductor in a compact package to save layout space and achieve a higher power density. It is scalable for many modules in parallel, up to 2kW+ of power. The 4mm maximum height makes it suitable for many applications, such as Z-Axis Power Delivery^TM and PCIe form factor boards.

Features

• Top-Side Cooling Package
• Current Sense: Accu-Sense^TM
• Temperature Sense
• Current Limit Protection
• Supports Parallel Operation
• Over-Temperature Protecution (OTP)
• Fault Reporting
• Common Footprint LGA-72 (9mmx10mm) Package
• Extremely Low Height: Maximum 4mm
• Pin-to-Pin Compatible with the MPC22163

MP22166-130

Dimensions
9mmx9.9mmx3.9mm

Part Number	VIN (V)	VOUT Range (V)	IOUT (A)	fsw (kHz)	Power Density (W/in3)	Peak Efficiency (%)
MPC22166-130	4 to 16	0.5 to 2	130	600 to 1200	5034	90

MPC22167 - 130A, Two-Phase, Intelli-Module^TM with Quiet Switcher^TM Technology

The MPC22167 is a non-isolated, step-down power module with 130A of continuous peak output current. This module integrates driver MOSFETs and an inductor in a compact package to save board space and achieve a higher power density. It is scalable for many modules in parallel, up to 2kW or more of power. The 8mm maximum height makes it suitable for a wide range of applications, such as OAM form factor boards.

Features

• Top-Side Cooling Package
• Current Sense: Accu-Sense^TM
• Temperature Sense
• Current Limit Protection
• Supports Parallel Operation
• Over-Temperature Protecution (OTP)
• Fault Reporting
• Common Footprint LGA-72 (9mmx10mm) Package

MPC22167

Dimensions
9mmx9.9mmx7.65mm

Part Number	VIN (V)	VOUT Range (V)	IOUT (A)	fsw (kHz)	Power Density (W/in3)	Peak Efficiency (%)
MPC22167-130	4 to 16	0.5 to 2	130	500 to 1500	2475	91

MP2891 - Dual-Loop, OVR4i+ 16-Phase Controller

Features

• Highest Phsaae Count
  • Dual-Loop, 16-Phase Controller Provides Power for NVIDIA PWM-VID Core Power
  • Max 16 Phases for Rail 1 and 8 Phases for Rail 2
• Digital Control
  • Digital Loop Compensation and Load-Line Regulation
  • Nonlinear Control Reduces Output Capacitor Requirements for Transients
• Digital Configurability and Monitoring
  • Compatible with Serial Interface
  • V_OUT, I_OUT, V_IN, P_IN, and Temperature Telemetry
  • Intelli-Phase^TM Fault Diagnosis
  • Integrated NVM to Store VR Configurations and for Black Box Capability
• Design Flexibility
  • Switching Frequency Up to 3MHz
  • Automatic Phase-Shedding Improves Light-Load Efficiency
  • Configurable Voltage, Current, and Temperature Protection

Package: QFN-56 (7mmx7mm)

MPQ8655 – 16V, 30A, Scalable, Digital, Synchronous Step-Down Converter with PMBus

Features

• Digital Point-of-Load (POL)
  • Output Voltage/Current, Input Voltage, and Tj Reporting
  • Built-In MTP to Store Custom Configurations
  • Programmable via PMBus
• Flexible for Multiple Rails in System
  • Scalable up to 8 phases
  • VIN = 3.1V – 16V -> Supports 3.3V, 5V, 12V inputs
  • Output Adjustable from 0.4V to 0.9 x VIN Up to 0.5V Max
  • 30A Continuous Output Current Per Phase
  • Lossless and Accurate On-Die Current Sensing
  • Programmable current limit -> flexible inductor choice
  • 0.5% accurate reference
  • Output Voltage True Remote Sense
• Adaptive Constant-On-Time Control
  • Ultrafast Transient Response
  • Stable with Zero-ESR Output Capacitors

Package: TQFN-25 (4mmx5mm)

MP5048 – 60V, 15A, 7mΩ R_DS(ON) Hot-Swap Intelli-Fuse Solution

Features:

• 60V E-Fuse with Highest Industry Current
• Flexible for Multiple Phases in System
  • Input Voltage Range: 24V to 60V
  • Scalable for Standalone or Parallel Operation
  • Configurable Output Voltage Soft Start Supports Inrush Current Control
  • 1.5% IMON Reporting Accuracy Supports Accurate System Power Reporting
• Full Support Protections
  • Configurable Over-Current Protection (OCP) Limit
  • Accurate On-Die Temperature Sensing and Thermal Shutdown
  • Pin-Configurable Latch-Off and Hiccup Protections
  • Fault Pin Indicator (FLTB)

Package: QFN-30 (5mmx5mm)

Second-Stage Module vs. Traditional Discrete Solution

As the current demand of CPUs and GPUs increases and package sizes expand, designers are often left with very small areas on the board to fit multiple phases of voltage regulators (VRs). The Intelli-Module approach to VR design increases power density by 2.5x and allows placement of the voltage regulators closer to the processor to reduce PDN losses.

Intelli-Modules: DrMOS + Inductor	DrMOS (Discrete Approach)
Intelli-Module Solution Offers the Best Combo of Efficiency and Size 90mm2 Layout Area	Traditional VR Solution 225mm2 Layout Area

OAM Form Factor Power Solutions

MPS provides end-to-end power solutions following OCP standards for common designs, such as OAM form factors. These capabilities are demonstrated with this reference design (max 2000A), which features our 4:1 first-stage modules and second-stage Intelli-Modules.

2000A Reference Design

Specs:

• 54V Input Voltage, 0.8V Nominal Output Voltage
• 1000A Output Current, Max 2000A
• Embedded Load Slammer for Transient Testing
• Second Stage Uses the MP2891 16-Phase Controller and the MPC22167, the Next Generation of the MPC22163 Module with the Same Footprint and Higher Efficiency
• This 2000A EVB Is Now Available for Sampling

AI Accelerator Card

• OAM
• SXM
• etc.

Adapting Power Solutions to the Increased Current Requirement of AI Processors