The MP5011 is a device designed to protect circuitry on the output (source) from transients on the input (VCC). It also protects the input from undesirable shorts and transients coming from the source.  At start up, the limited slew rate at the source limits the inrush current. A small capacitor at the dv/dt pin controls this slew rate. The dv/dt pin has an internal circuit that allows the customer to float this pin and still achieve a 1.4ms ramp time at the source.  The maximum load at the output is current-limited by using a sense MOSFET topology. An external resistor from the I-LIMIT pin to the source pin controls the magnitude of the current limit.  An internal charge pump drives the gate of the power device, allowing for the use of a DMOS power MOSFET with an ON resistance of just 44mΩ.  The device also includes protective features to protect the source against an input voltage that is outside the operating range.